\(\left(\frac{a^2}{x}+\frac{b^2}{y}+\frac{c^2}{z}\right)\left(x+y+z\right)\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)}.\left(x+y+z\right)=\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(\frac{a}{x}=\frac{b}{y}=\frac{c}{z}\)

Ai giải được không ?

1)

   +)  Ta có

            \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)

       \(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2-2ab\ge0\)

        \(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2\ge2ab\)

        \(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge a^2+b^2+2ab\)

        \(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^2\)

        \(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2\)  ( đpcm )

     + )   Theo phần trên

             \(a^2+b^2\ge2ab\)

           \(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+2ab\ge4ab\)

           \(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)

            \(\Leftrightarrow ab\le\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2\)  ( đpcm )

2, 

Ta có: \(5\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)-9x\left(y+z\right)-18yz=0\Leftrightarrow5x^2-9x\left(y+z\right)+5\left(y+z\right)^2=28yz\le7\left(y+z\right)^2\)\(\Leftrightarrow5x^2-9x\left(y+z\right)-2\left(y+z\right)^2\le0\Leftrightarrow5\left(\frac{x}{y+z}\right)^2-9.\frac{x}{y+z}-2\le0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(5.\frac{x}{y+z}+1\right)\left(\frac{x}{y+z}-2\right)\le0\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{y+z}\le2\)(Do \(5.\frac{x}{y+z}+1>0\forall x,y,z>0\))

\(\Rightarrow E=\frac{2x-y-z}{y+z}=2.\frac{x}{y+z}-1\le2.2-1=3\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(y=z=\frac{x}{4}\)

Động não tí đi Quỳnh, a thấy bài này cũng không khó.

Bài dễ mừ, có phải Croatia thật ko vậy :))  (viết đề bị nhầm, là x,y,z dương chứ :))

Áp dụng Cauchy-Schwarz dạng cộng mẫu số:

\(\frac{x^2}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{y^2}{\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}+\frac{z^2}{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}\ge\)

\(\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)+\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)+\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x^2+y^2+z^2+3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\)

\(=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\)

Xét \(xy+yz+zx\le\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}\Rightarrow\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}}\)

\(=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\frac{4}{3}\left(x+y+z\right)^2}=\frac{3}{4}\)

Dấu bằng xảy ra khi và chỉ khi x=y=z,  Xong! :))

\(ab+bc+ca\le a^2+b^2+c^2\le\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\) ( bđt phụ + Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel ) 

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=c\)

CM bđt phụ : \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+zx\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(2x^2+2y^2+2z^2\ge2xy+2yz+2zx\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(2x^2+2y^2+2z^2-2xy-2yz-2zx\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2-2yz+z^2\right)+\left(z^2-2zx+x^2\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\ge0\) ( luôn đúng ) 

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x=y=z\)

Chúc bạn học tốt ~ 

Đầu tiên ta sẽ chứng minh \(\frac{x^2}{a}+\frac{y^2}{b}\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{a+b}\left(1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2b\left(a+b\right)+y^2a\left(a+b\right)\ge ab\left(x+y\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(bx-ay\right)^2\ge0\left(LĐ\right)\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}\)

Vậy BĐT (1) đã được chứng minh

Với 6 số x,y,z,a,b,c >0 ta sẽ áp dụng BĐT (1) hai lần:

\(\frac{x^2}{a}+\frac{y^2}{b}+\frac{z^2}{c}\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{a+b}+\frac{z^2}{c}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{a+b+c}\left(đpcm\right)\)

Bài làm:

Áp dụng Cauchy Schwars ta có:

\(\frac{x^2}{a}+\frac{y^2}{b}+\frac{z^2}{c}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{a+b+c}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(\frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}=\frac{z}{c}\)

Áp dụng BĐT Svac - xơ ta có :

\(\frac{x^2}{a}+\frac{y^2}{b}+\frac{z^2}{c}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{a+b+c}\)

Dấu ''='' xảy ra <=> \(\frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}=\frac{z}{c}\)

a) Ta có : \(1+x^2=xy+yz+zx+x^2=x\left(x+y\right)+z\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(z+x\right)\)

b) \(\Sigma\left(x\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(1+y^2\right)\left(1+z^2\right)}{1+x^2}}\right)=\Sigma\left(x\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right).\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}\right)\)

\(=\Sigma\left(x\left(y+z\right)\right)=xy+xz+xy+yz+zx+zy=2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)=2\)

Ta có \(\frac{x^3}{\left(y+z\right)^2}=\frac{x^3}{\left(2018-x\right)^2}\)

Xét \(\frac{x^3}{\left(2018-x\right)^2}\ge x-\frac{1009}{2}\)

<=> \(x^3\ge\left(2018^2-2.2018.x+x^2\right)\left(x-\frac{1009}{2}\right)\)

<=> \(x^3\ge x^3-x^2\left(\frac{1009}{2}+2018.2\right)+x\left(2018.1009+2018^2\right)-\frac{2018^2.1009}{2}\)

<=> \(\frac{9081}{2}x^2-6.1009^2.x+2018.1009^2\ge0\)

<=> \(\frac{9081}{2}\left(x^2-\frac{2.2018}{3}.x+\left(\frac{2018}{3}\right)^2\right)\ge0\)

<=> \(\frac{9081}{2}\left(x-\frac{2018}{3}\right)^2\ge0\)( luôn đúng)

=> \(\frac{x^3}{\left(y+z\right)^2}\ge x-\frac{1009}{2}\)

Khi đó \(VT\ge x-\frac{1009}{2}+y-\frac{1009}{2}+z-\frac{1009}{2}=2018-\frac{3}{2}.1009=\frac{1009}{2}\)(ĐPCM)

Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{2018}{3}\)

Ta có : \(\frac{x^3}{\left(y+z\right)^2}=\frac{x^3}{\left(2018-x\right)^2}\)

xét \(\frac{x^3}{\left(2018-x\right)^2}\ge x-\frac{1009}{2}\)

<=> \(x^3\ge\left(x^2-2.2018.x+2018^2\right)\left(x-\frac{1009}{2}\right)\)

<=> \(x^3\ge x^3-x^2\left(\frac{1009}{2}+2.2018\right)+x\left(2018^2+1009.2018\right)-\frac{2018^2.1009}{2}\ge0\)

<=> \(\frac{9081}{2}x^2-6.1009^2.x+2018.1009^2\ge0\)

<=> \(\frac{9081}{2}.\left(x-\frac{2018}{3}\right)^2\ge0\)( luôn đúng)

=> \(\frac{x^3}{\left(y+z\right)^2}\ge x-\frac{1009}{2}\)

Khi đó \(P\ge x+y+z-\frac{3.1009}{2}=\frac{1009}{2}\)(ĐPCM)

Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{2018}{3}\)